Nations' income inequality predicts ambivalence in stereotype content: How societies mind the gap
Corresponding Author
Federica Durante
University of Milan – Bicocca, Italy
Correspondence should be addressed to Federica Durante, Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Milano–Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milano, Italy (e-mail: [email protected]).Search for more papers by this authorNicolas Kervyn
Catholic University of Louvain at Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Search for more papers by this authorAmy J. C. Cuddy
Harvard Business School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAdebowale (Debo) Akande
Institute of Research on Global Issues, Tshwane, South Africa
Search for more papers by this authorBolanle E. Adetoun
Economic Commission for West Africa (Ecowas), Abuja, Nigeria
Search for more papers by this authorMagdeline M. Tserere
National Prosecuting Authority, Pretoria, South Africa
Search for more papers by this authorKhairul Anwar Mastor
University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorFiona Kate Barlow
University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorXenia Chryssochoou
Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Athens, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorRoberto González
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorJanet I. Lewis
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJacques-Philippe Leyens
Catholic University of Louvain at Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Search for more papers by this authorVanessa Smith Castro
University of Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Federica Durante
University of Milan – Bicocca, Italy
Correspondence should be addressed to Federica Durante, Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Milano–Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milano, Italy (e-mail: [email protected]).Search for more papers by this authorNicolas Kervyn
Catholic University of Louvain at Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Search for more papers by this authorAmy J. C. Cuddy
Harvard Business School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAdebowale (Debo) Akande
Institute of Research on Global Issues, Tshwane, South Africa
Search for more papers by this authorBolanle E. Adetoun
Economic Commission for West Africa (Ecowas), Abuja, Nigeria
Search for more papers by this authorMagdeline M. Tserere
National Prosecuting Authority, Pretoria, South Africa
Search for more papers by this authorKhairul Anwar Mastor
University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorFiona Kate Barlow
University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorXenia Chryssochoou
Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Athens, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorRoberto González
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorJanet I. Lewis
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJacques-Philippe Leyens
Catholic University of Louvain at Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Search for more papers by this authorVanessa Smith Castro
University of Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Income inequality undermines societies: The more inequality, the more health problems, social tensions, and the lower social mobility, trust, life expectancy. Given people's tendency to legitimate existing social arrangements, the stereotype content model (SCM) argues that ambivalence―perceiving many groups as either warm or competent, but not both―may help maintain socio-economic disparities. The association between stereotype ambivalence and income inequality in 37 cross-national samples from Europe, the Americas, Oceania, Asia, and Africa investigates how groups' overall warmth-competence, status-competence, and competition-warmth correlations vary across societies, and whether these variations associate with income inequality (Gini index). More unequal societies report more ambivalent stereotypes, whereas more equal ones dislike competitive groups and do not necessarily respect them as competent. Unequal societies may need ambivalence for system stability: Income inequality compensates groups with partially positive social images.
Supporting Information
Filename | Description |
---|---|
bjso12005-sup-0001-AppendixSI.A.docWord document, 32.5 KB | Appendix SI.A. Scales, main survey. |
bjso12005-sup-0002_AppendixSI.B.docWord document, 336 KB | Appendix SI.B. Competence and warmth means for each cluster, within each sample. |
bjso12005-sup-0003_TableSI.1.docWord document, 81 KB | Table SI.1. Demographic information, all samples, preliminary groups-listing study. |
bjso12005-sup-0004_TableSI.2.docWord document, 75 KB | Table SI.2. Demographic information, all samples, main survey. |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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